The study was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council , the European Space Agency , and the Canada 150 Research Chairs Program. The Arctic is thought to have warmed by 2.7C since the pre-industrial era, and this warming is believed to have accelerated since the start of the 21st century. NASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the world through discovery. Most of the pages remained in paper form in the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, D.C., Teleti explains. To access the data they contain, he and his colleagues worked with archivists to photograph and scan each page. For decades, those logbooks were classified to protectmilitarysecrets. But in 2017, the National Declassification Centerreleased nearly 200,000 pagesof World War II era material, including many from those logbooks.
years ago, scientists warned of the ‘neglected dangers’ of heat islands
To do this, the research team created alternative climate change projections in which rapid Arctic warming was not occurring. They then compared temperatures in this hypothetical world with those of the “real-world” models and examined the timing with which the critical Paris Agreement thresholds of 1.5C and 2C were breached. They found that, in the models without fast Arctic warming, the thresholds were breached five and eight years later respectively, than their “real-world” projected dates of 2031 and 2051. To log the now digital pages, they leveragedcrowdsourced scienceby developing theOld Weather–WW2project. Participants were presented with images of logbook pages and guided through transcribing ship identifiers, positional information, and any weather observations contained within.
Past records suggest that sea surface temperatures during 1941 to 1945 were notably warmer than the five years before and after, but the uncertainty in the data is several times higher during the war than before or after it. No climate model has been able to reproduce this temporary spike in global mean sea surface temperature, Chan says. The ship logs can help depict the climate at that time and improve the models’ accuracy. In total, 4,050 volunteers helped digitize more than 630,000 records from more than 28,000 logbook images from 19 ships. Each record contained multiple types of weather observations, like wet- and dry-bulb temperature, wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, sea surface temperature, visibility and overall weather conditions. In total, the project rescued 3.7 million meteorological observations that span from 1941 to 1945.
Whether the giant planets were a help or a hindrance is anybody’s guess. But if what happened here can happen anywhere, then water might be prevalent on other worlds, giving life a good chance of thriving throughout the galaxy. In the image above, you can compare how Salmonella bacteria look in a light micrograph versus an image taken with an electron microscope . The bacteria show up as tiny purple dots in the light microscope image, whereas in the electron micrograph, you can clearly see their shape and surface texture, as well as details of the human cells they’re trying to invade. The formal sciences are the branches of science that are concerned with formal systems, such as logic, mathematics, theoretical computer science, information theory, systems theory, decision theory, statistics. Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at /us). Scientific American maintains a strict policy of editorial independence in reporting developments in science to our readers.
A Supernova ‘Destroyed’ Some of Earth’s Ozone for a Few Minutes in 2022
If two bacterial cells were very close together on a slide, they might look like a single, blurry dot on a microscope with low resolving power, but could be told apart as separate on a microscope with high resolving power. This picture isn’t a plain light micrograph; it’s a fluorescent image of a specially prepared plant where various parts of the cell were labeled with tags to make them glow. However, this kind of cellular complexity and beauty is all around us, whether we can see it or not. Confocal microscopy image of a young leaf of thale cress, with one marker outlining the cells and other markers indicating young cells of the stomatal lineage .
Botany, also called plant science, plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. Nowadays, botanists study approximately 410,000 species of land plants of which some 391,000 species are vascular plants , and approximately 20,000 are bryophytes. Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, those being unicellular , multicellular , or acellular . Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, protistology, mycology, immunology and parasitology. In this context the word systems is used to refer specifically to self-regulating systems, i.e. that are self-correcting through feedback. Self-regulating systems are found in nature, including the physiological systems of our body, in local and global ecosystems, and climate.
Volunteering with My Science Buddies is as Easy as 1-2-3-4!
We, of course, know the final outcome, but we should not let that influence our appreciation of the story as it unfolds. Even less should we let that knowledge influence our judgment of the players, acting as they did in their own time, constrained by the concepts and data then available. That finding pushes the influx of water back, possibly as early as 8 million years after the start of the solar system. This is the oldest stockpile of water ever dated in the solar system, Nielsen says.
In this image, magnified thousands of times, a nerve fiber, shown in purple, meets a yellow cell body. Then again, editing might be another way to learn from experience. Perhaps it’s better if we can rewrite our memories every time we recall them. Nader suggests that reconsolidation may be the brain’s mechanism for recasting old memories in the light of everything that has happened since. In other words, it just might be what keeps us from living in the past.
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The project is to use generative AI to bring out children’s creativity by using storytelling. He is working on the part of the research that controls generative AI prompts to be emotionally safe and creative for children. Seungwook Lee is part of a research project in BAIC that questions what the right way to use Generative AI in future generations is. Larissa Schwartz is both part of BAIC and the ATLAS Institute. Schwartz is a professional graphic designer, and was previously a visual arts and design instructor for public education in Denver and Houston.
Approaching 1,000 students have taken part in these workshops, and the demand for them is increasing. However, feedback indicates that attending has awakened an appreciation of the importance of scientific evidence and advice in policymaking. She was able to work with the BAIC lab to pilot a generative AI art competition for more than 50 high school students in Aurora Public Schools. The students created art through traditional mediums and then used that same artistic idea to prompt DALLE-2, an AI system that can create images and art from a written description. The two pieces were then displayed next to each other and the students’ work was presented at the ATLAS Institute’s projects expo in May. “In addition, rapid warming in the Arctic has global consequences that we do not account for in this study, including sea level rise and the thawing of permafrost which leads to more carbon being released into the air.”
